Indications 

Lexapro, also known by its generic name escitalopram oxalate, is an oral medication approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).  

Its therapeutic effects include the reduction of nervousness, improvement of energy levels, and enhancement of overall feelings of well-being. 

As a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), Lexapro acts by inhibiting the reuptake of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the central nervous system (CNS) neurons.  

Through this mechanism of action, Lexapro promotes the restoration of serotonin balance in the brain, leading to its positive therapeutic effects. 

Uses and Dosage 

Prior to commencing treatment with this product, read the medical information leaflet that accompanies it. 

Should there be a need for further medical advice or inquiries regarding proper administration, consultation with a physician or pharmacist is advised. 

This antidepressant is administered orally and may be taken with or without food. Should gastrointestinal upset occur, taking it with food is advisable.  

The oral medication should be swallowed whole and chased with a glass of water. Note that the 5 mg dosage form of Lexapro must not be cut, crushed, or chewed. 

To achieve maximum benefit, take the medication regularly, adhering to the prescribed dosing schedule as directed by the physician. The dosage will be determined by several factors including medical condition, response to treatment, age, and concomitant medication use. Abrupt discontinuation, increased frequency, or reduction of the dose may result in severe side effects and withdrawal. 

It may take a week or two of regular use before any notable improvement in symptoms is observed. The full effects of Lexapro may be realized within a month of use. In the event that the condition fails to improve, a consultation with a physician is advised. 

Side Effects 

Allergic Reactions

In the event of an allergic reaction to Lexapro, seek emergency medical attention if the following symptoms occur: 

• Skin rash or hives 
• Difficulty breathing 
• Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat 

Severe Side Effects

Report any new or worsening symptoms to your doctor, including: 

• Mood or behavior changes 
• Anxiety or panic attacks 
• Trouble sleeping or restlessness 
• Feelings of impulsiveness, irritability, agitation, hostility, aggression, or hyperactivity 
• Increased depression or suicidal thoughts 

Serious side effects of Lexapro that require immediate medical attention include: 

• Blurred or tunnel vision, eye pain or swelling, or seeing halos around lights 
• Racing thoughts, unusual risk-taking behavior, or extreme changes in mood 
• Pain or burning during urination 
• Slow growth or weight gain in children taking Lexapro 
• Low levels of sodium in the body, which may cause:
  • Headache
  • Confusion
  • Slurred speech
  • Severe weakness
  • Vomiting
  • Loss of coordination
  • Feeling unsteady 
• Severe nervous system reaction, including:
  • Very stiff (rigid) muscles
  • High fever
  • Sweating
  • Confusion
  • Fast or uneven heartbeats
  • Tremors
  • Feeling like you might pass out 

Common Side Effects 

• Painful urination 
• Dizziness, drowsiness, tiredness, or weakness 
• Anxiety or agitation 
• Increased muscle movements or shakiness 
• Insomnia 
• Sweating, dry mouth, increased thirst, or loss of appetite 
• Nausea, constipation, or yawning 
• Nosebleed or heavy menstrual periods 
• Decreased sex drive, impotence, or difficulty having an orgasm 

Cautions 

Prior to taking this medication orally, provide your medical history in full to your physician. This should include any history of suicidal thoughts or attempts, bipolar or manic-depressive disorder, glaucoma, seizures, GI bleeding, liver disease, or hyponatremia.  

Certain medical conditions or illnesses may have a significant impact on how your body responds to this treatment. Disclose all prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and supplements you are taking as they may have drug interactions with this medication. 

While undergoing treatment, monitor for any signs of an allergic reaction. Do not take this medication if you have a known allergy to escitalopram, citalopram, or any inactive ingredients present in the tablets.  

Be aware of any signs of a hypersensitivity response, such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the face and neck, severe dizziness, skin rashes, or hives. If any of these symptoms occur, seek emergency medical help immediately. 

It should be noted that this antidepressant has the potential to cause QT prolongation. If palpitations, fainting, or seizures occur, medical help should be sought immediately. To prevent this condition, avoid diuretics or water pills, stay hydrated, and monitor your potassium and magnesium levels. Hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia may trigger QT prolongation. 

To prevent serotonin syndrome, strictly follow the prescribed dosage. Signs of this condition include palpitations, hypertension, agitation, confusion, muscle twitching, dilated pupils, and heavy sweating. In the event of experiencing any of these symptoms, seek urgent medical attention.