Indications 

Galvus is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. It works by lowering blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes, either alone or in combination with other medications such as metformin.  

Galvus, which contains the active substance vildagliptin, is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. It belongs to a class of drugs called dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. DPP-4 is responsible for breaking down incretin hormones in the body, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). These hormones play a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels by stimulating insulin secretion and reducing glucagon release from the pancreas. 

By inhibiting DPP-4, Galvus increases the levels of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which leads to enhanced insulin secretion and reduced glucagon release. This results in lower blood sugar levels, especially after meals. 

Galvus should not be used in patients with type 1 diabetes or for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. It should also not be used in children and adolescents under the age of 18. Galvus is not a substitute for insulin in insulin-requiring patients. 

Use and Dosage 

Galvus is typically taken orally in the form of tablets, usually once or twice daily, as prescribed by your healthcare professional. It can be taken with or without food. Take the tablet whole with a glass of water. Do not crush, chew, or break the tablet, as it is designed to release the medication slowly. Take Galvus tablets at the same time each day to maintain a consistent level of the medication in your system. 

The recommended dose of Galvus for adults is typically one tablet in the morning and another tablet in the evening, with or without food. However, the exact dosage may vary depending on your specific condition and the guidance of your healthcare provider. Do not adjust the dosage or stop taking Galvus without consulting your doctor. 

Galvus may be prescribed as a standalone medication or in combination with other diabetes medications, such as metformin. Regularly monitor your blood sugar levels as directed by your healthcare professional. This will help determine the effectiveness of Galvus and if any adjustments to the dosage are needed. If you are taking other medications, ensure you understand the timing and dosage instructions for each. 

Side Effects 

Common Side Effects  

• Dizziness 
• Fever 
• Headache 
• Joint pain 
• Muscle pain 
• Stomach upset 
• Swelling in hands or feet 
• Tingling or numbness in hands or feet 

Serious Side Effects 

• Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis) 
• Liver damage 
• Low blood sugar when used in combination with other diabetes medications 
• Severe joint pain 

Cautions 

• Kidney Impairment: Galvus should be used with caution in patients with kidney impairment. Dose adjustments may be necessary to ensure the medication is properly metabolized and excreted from the body. 
• Heart Failure: There have been reports of heart failure associated with the use of DPP-4 inhibitors, including Galvus. Patients with a history of heart failure or other risk factors for heart failure should be closely monitored while taking Galvus. 
• Hypoglycemia: Galvus, when used in combination with other diabetes medications like insulin or sulfonylureas, may increase the risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). monitor blood sugar levels regularly and adjust the dosage of other diabetes medications as needed. 
• Pancreatitis: Rare cases of pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) have been reported in patients taking DPP-4 inhibitors, including Galvus. If you experience persistent severe abdominal pain, you should seek medical attention. 
• Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to Galvus. Seek medical help immediately if you develop symptoms such as rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing. 
• Liver Impairment: Galvus should be used with caution in patients with liver impairment or a history of liver disease. Close monitoring of liver function may be necessary, and dosage adjustments may be required. 
• Pancreatic Cancer: There have been post-marketing reports of pancreatic cancer in patients taking DPP-4 inhibitors, including Galvus. However, the association between these medications and pancreatic cancer is not well-established. Discuss any concerns with your healthcare professional. 
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: The safety of Galvus during pregnancy and breastfeeding has not been established. Inform your healthcare professional if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. 
• Hypersensitivity Reactions: Rare cases of hypersensitivity reactions, including skin reactions (such as rash and hives) and severe allergic reactions (including anaphylaxis), have been reported with Galvus. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience any signs of a hypersensitivity reaction. 
• Pediatric Use: The safety and effectiveness of Galvus in children and adolescents have not been established. Therefore, do not use it in this age group.