Indications 

Dantrolene is classified as a muscle relaxant and is part of a group of medications with this therapeutic action. The primary indication for dantrolene capsules is the management of chronic muscle spasms in individuals with conditions such as cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, stroke, or spinal cord injury. By inhibiting muscle contractions or spasms, dantrolene effectively alleviates these symptoms. 

Dantrolene may be utilized as a preoperative intervention for individuals at risk of malignant hyperthermia and subsequent treatment of this condition. Malignant hyperthermia is characterized by severe muscle rigidity and a significant elevation in body temperature, often triggered by a reaction to specific anesthetics. If left untreated, malignant hyperthermia can have life-threatening consequences. In cases of active malignant hyperthermia, the injectable form of dantrolene is administered to mitigate the symptoms and prevent further complications. 

Uses and Dosage 

The initial recommended dose for adults is 25 mg, taken once daily. Subsequently, the dose can be gradually increased until an optimal amount is determined based on individual responses and requirements. The objective is to identify the lowest effective dose that effectively manages muscle spasms. In most cases, individuals respond well to 400 mg daily or less, typically divided into four doses of 100 mg each. 

For children, dosing is determined by body weight, ensure that they do not exceed a maximum dose of 100 mg four times daily. 

In the case of the injectable form of dantrolene, dosing is determined based on body weight. 

Various factors can influence the appropriate dosage of this medication for an individual, including body weight, underlying medical conditions, and concurrent use of other medicines. If your doctor has prescribed a different dosage than the ones mentioned here, consult your doctor before altering your usage. 

Following your doctor’s prescription precisely when using this medication is crucial. If you miss a dose, administer it immediately and continue your regular dosing schedule. However, if this is nearly time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and resume your usual dosing regimen. Avoid doubling the amount to make up for a missed one. If you need help with what to do after missing a dose, seek advice from your doctor or pharmacist. 

Store this medication at room temperature, protect it from light and moisture, and ensure out of the reach of children. 

Do not dispose of unused or expired medications in wastewater (e.g., down the sink or toilet) or household garbage. Consult your pharmacist for guidance on the appropriate disposal methods for drugs that are no longer needed or have expired. 

Side Effects 

Common Side Effects

Patients may experience any of the following during the initial period of adjusting to this medication: 

• Drowsiness 
• Dizziness 
• Weakness 
• Tiredness 
• Nausea and diarrhea  

These side effects typically diminish after a few days.  

Other possible side effects include  

• Headache 
• Constipation 
• Difficulty speaking 
• Drooling 

If any of these effects persist or worsen, you must promptly inform your doctor or pharmacist. 

Severe Side Effects

Contact your doctor immediately if you experience any serious side effects, such as: 

• Severe or persistent constipation 
• Changes in vision 
• Black or tarry stools 
• Vomit resembling coffee grounds 
• Alterations in mental/mood status 
• Difficulty swallowing, urinary problems 
• Seizures or rapid heartbeat 
• Easy bruising or bleeding 
• Signs of infection (such as persistent sore throat, fever, chills) 
• Chest pain 
• Swelling in the ankles or feet 
• Trouble breathing 

Allergic Reaction

While severe allergic reactions to this medication are rare, seek immediate medical assistance if you notice any symptoms of a feverous allergic reaction, including:  

• Rash 
• Itching or swelling (especially of the face, tongue, or throat) 
• Severe dizziness 
• Difficulty breathing 

Cautions 

Avoid taking dantrolene if you are: 

• Allergic to dantrolene or any of its ingredients. 
• Diagnosed with a specific type of muscle spasm that, according to your doctor, may be beneficial in improving or maintaining your functional abilities. 
• Currently experiencing active liver disease, such as hepatitis or cirrhosis. 
• Having compromised lung function, such as obstructive pulmonary disease. 
• If any of these conditions apply to you, discussing alternative treatment options with your healthcare provider is crucial.