Indications 

Ampicillin, a penicillin-type antibiotic, is indicated for the treatment of diverse bacterial infections. The mechanism of action of this antimicrobial agent involves inhibition of bacterial growth.  

It should be noted that Ampicillin is solely effective against bacterial infections and not effective against viral infections like the common cold and flu. The use of antibiotics when not clinically warranted can potentially lead to diminished effectiveness in treating future infections. 

Uses and Dosage 

In accordance with your physician’s instructions, administer this medication orally, typically four times daily (every six hours). Ampicillin should be consumed on an empty stomach, either an hour before or two hours after eating, and with a full glass of water. Maintain proper hydration during the course of treatment, unless otherwise directed by your doctor. 

The appropriate dose is contingent upon your medical condition and response to treatment. To optimize efficacy, consume this antibiotic at evenly spaced intervals. To aid in recall, take this medication at the same time(s) each day. 

Even if symptoms diminish after a few days of treatment, complete the full prescribed amount of this medication. Discontinuing the medication prematurely can lead to the proliferation of bacteria, potentially resulting in a relapse of the infection. 

Side Effects 

Allergic Reactions

In case of an allergic reaction or severe skin reaction, seek emergency medical attention. Signs of an allergic reaction include:

• Hives
• Difficulty breathing
• Swelling in the face or throat

A severe skin reaction may manifest as:

• Fever
• Sore throat
• Burning eyes
• Skin pain
• Red or purple rash with blistering and peeling

Severe Side Effects

Serious side effects that warrant immediate medical attention include: 

• Severe stomach pain or watery/bloody diarrhea (even if it occurs months after the last dose) 
• Blisters, ulcers, or soreness in the mouth 
• Skin rash, redness, or itching 
• Fever, chills, sore throat, swollen glands, joint pain, or general malaise 
• Pale skin, cold hands and feet 
• Lightheadedness or shortness of breath 

Common Side Effects  

• Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, or diarrhea 
• Rash 
• Swollen, black, or “hairy” tongue 
• Vaginal itching or discharge 

Caution 

Prior to taking ampicillin, inform your healthcare provider or pharmacist about any known allergies to this medication, penicillin, cephalosporin antibiotics, or any other substances. This medication may contain inactive ingredients that could elicit allergic reactions or other adverse effects, consult with your pharmacist for further information. 

Before utilizing this medication, disclose your medical history to your healthcare provider or pharmacist, particularly if you have a history of kidney disease or infectious mononucleosis. 

It should be noted that ampicillin may render live bacterial vaccines, such as the typhoid vaccine, less effective. Therefore, inform your healthcare professional about your use of ampicillin prior to receiving any immunizations or vaccinations. 

Older adults may be at an increased risk for experiencing side effects while using this medication. 

During pregnancy, the use of this medication should only be considered when absolutely necessary. As with any medication, weigh the potential risks and benefits with your healthcare provider. 

Ampicillin has been found to pass into breast milk, thus consult with your healthcare provider before breast-feeding while using this medication.