Indications 

Pentasa is a prescribed medication indicated for the treatment of ulcerative colitis, a condition characterized by inflammation and sores in the colon and rectum. 

This medication is used not only to alleviate symptoms such as diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and abdominal pain but also to sustain the improvement of these symptoms over time. 

Classified as an aminosalicylate anti-inflammatory agent, Pentasa, functions by inhibiting the production of a specific substance in the body that can cause inflammation. 

Uses and Dosage 

Before taking Pentasa and with each prescription refill, carefully review its medication guide and patient information leaflet. Ask your doctor if you have any questions or concerns. 

The dosage of Pentasa is based on the patient’s medical condition and response to treatment. 

Typically, Pentasa is taken four times daily, as prescribed by the doctor, without regard to food intake. It should be swallowed whole and not crushed, chewed, or broken, as this may hinder the proper release of the drug into the colon. 

Ensure adequate fluid intake throughout Pentasa treatment, unless otherwise instructed by your physician, to minimize the risk of kidney stones. 

For optimal results, take this medication exactly as directed and at a consistent time daily. Refrain from altering the dosage and frequency of intake without your doctor’s approval. 

Complete the entire prescription of Pentasa, even if you start feeling better. Do not discontinue this medication without consulting your doctor. 

Side Effects 

Listed below are the potential adverse effects of Pentasa. If any of them last or worsen, tell your doctor promptly. 

Common Side Effects 

• Burping, constipation, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea, or gas 
• Dizziness 
• Cold symptoms: 
  • Stuffy nose 
  • Sneezing 
  • Sore throat 
• Back pain 
• Headache 
• Rash 
• Abnormal liver function tests 

Serious Side Effects 

• Severe stomach pain, stomach cramping, bloody diarrhea 
• Fever, headache, general ill feeling 
• Rash, itching, eye redness 
• Bloody or tarry stools, coughing up blood or vomit resembling coffee grounds 
• Indications of low white blood cell counts:  
  • Fever 
  • Chills 
  • Mouth sores 
  • Skin sores 
  • Sore throat 
  • Cough 
  • Feeling light-headed 
  • Difficulty breathing 
• Signs of a kidney stone: 
  • Severe pain in the side and back 
  • Frequent need to urinate 
  • Foul-smelling urine 
  • Dark or cloudy urine 
• Kidney problems: 
  • Increased or decreased urination 
  • Swelling 
  • Weight gain 
• Liver problems:  
  • Loss of appetite 
  • Upper stomach pain 
  • Fatigue 
  • Easy bruising or bleeding 
  • Dark urine 
  • Clay-colored stools 
  • Jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes) 

Tell your doctor immediately if you experience any of the severe side effects mentioned above. 

Allergic Reactions 

Although rare, a severe allergic reaction to Pentasa may occur. Prompt medical help should be sought if any of the following are observed: 

• Rash 
• Face, tongue, or throat itching or swelling 
• Severe dizziness 
• Difficulty breathing 

Not all possible side effects of Pentasa are included in this list. Notify your physician promptly if any unlisted effects occur. 

Cautions 

Before starting treatment with Pentasa, inform your doctor of any known allergies, particularly to: 

• Mesalamine 
• Other aminosalicylates (e.g., balsalazide, olsalazine) 
• Salicylates (e.g., aspirin, salsalate) 
• Sulfasalazine 

Consult your pharmacist for additional information, as Pentasa may contain inactive substances that could potentially trigger allergies or other complications. 

To ensure Pentasa is safe for you, disclose to your physician your medical background, especially if you have a history of: 

• Kidney disease 
• Liver disease 
• Stomach blockage (e.g., pyloric stenosis) 

Inform all your healthcare providers about any current or newly initiated or discontinued medications, including prescription and non-prescription drugs, vitamins, and herbal supplements, to prevent possible drug interaction with Pentasa. 

Avoid the use of medications that contain balsalazide, olsalazine, or sulfasalazine when taking Pentasa, as its active ingredient, mesalamine, closely resembles these substances. 

Pentasa, like aspirin, should not be taken by individuals under 18 years old who have chickenpox, flu, an undiagnosed illness, or have recently been vaccinated. This is due to the increased risk of Reye’s syndrome, a rare yet severe condition. 

Pentasa can potentially affect specific lab tests, such as urine normetanephrine levels, leading to inaccurate results. Inform both laboratory staff and your doctors about your use of this medication. 

Minimize sun exposure and wear protective clothing, sunglasses, and sunscreen, during Pentasa treatment, as this medication may increase skin sensitivity to sunlight. 

During pregnancy, the use of Pentasa should be limited to situations where it is clearly necessary. Discuss with your doctor to weigh the risks and benefits of this medication. 

Consult your doctor before breastfeeding, as mesalamine can be transferred to breast milk and potentially cause adverse effects on your nursing infant.