Indications 

Sertraline hydrochloride, sold under the brand name Zoloft, is an oral medication used to treat a variety of mental health conditions.  

These include major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder (PD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).  

This medication works by reducing feelings of fear and anxiety, unwanted thoughts, and episodes of panic attacks. It improves mood, appetite, sleep, and energy levels. 

Uses and Dosage 

To begin, carefully review the medication guide or information leaflet provided with this product prior to use. Fully comprehend the drug information and precautions outlined in the guide before taking any antidepressant medications. Should you require additional medical advice or have any questions about this prescription medication, please consult with your doctor or pharmacist. 

This medication is taken orally, usually once daily. It may be taken with or without food, or as directed by your physician. Swallow the tablet with a glass of water, and do not divide, chew, or crush the drug. 

Consistency in taking this medication is crucial in achieving the best possible outcome. To prevent missing a dose, create a dosing schedule. Your dosing will be determined by your medical condition and response to treatment. Your doctor may initiate treatment with a low dose and gradually increase it to prevent any adverse effects. 

It may take up to six weeks or longer to experience an improvement in your condition. Continue taking Zoloft and not to discontinue use abruptly to prevent withdrawal symptoms. 

Side Effects 

Allergic Reactions

In case of an allergic reaction to Zoloft, seek immediate medical assistance if you experience any of the following: 

• Skin rash or hives (with or without fever or joint pain) 
• Difficulty breathing 
• Swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat 

Severe Side Effects

Report any new or worsening symptoms to your doctor, including: 

• Mood or behavior changes 
• Anxiety 
• Panic attacks 
• Trouble sleeping 
• Feeling impulsive, irritable, agitated, hostile, aggressive, restless, hyperactive (mentally or physically), more depressed, or have thoughts about suicide or hurting yourself 

Zoloft may cause serious side effects; call your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following: 

• Unusual bleeding or bruising 
• A seizure 
• Vision changes, eye pain, redness, or swelling 
• Low blood sodium:
  • Headache
  • Confusion
  • Problems with thinking or memory
  • Weakness
  • Feeling unsteady 
• Manic episodes:
  • Racing thoughts
  • Increased energy
  • Unusual risk-taking behavior
  • Extreme happiness
  • Being irritable or talkative 

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms of serotonin syndrome, such as: 

• Agitation 
• Hallucinations 
• Fever 
• Sweating 
• Shivering 
• Fast heart rate 
• Muscle stiffness 
• Twitching 
• Loss of coordination 
• Nausea 
• Vomiting 
• Diarrhea 

Sertraline can affect growth in children, and their height and weight may be monitored regularly. Common side effects of Zoloft may include: 

• Indigestion, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite 
• Nosebleeds 
• Increased sweating 
• Tiredness, sleep problems, or insomnia 
• Anxiety 
• Loss of bladder control 
• Tremors or agitation 
• Sexual problems 

Caution 

Prior to initiating Zoloft treatment, disclose your complete medical history to your physician, particularly if you have a history of bipolar disorder, bleeding disorder, seizure disorder, liver disease, thyroid disease, heart problems, or glaucoma, as these conditions may affect how your body responds to this medication. Inform your physician of all prescription and non-prescription drugs, as well as herbal products such as St. John’s Wort, that you are currently taking as they may interact with this SSRI. 

Throughout your treatment, remain vigilant for signs of an allergic reaction. If you have a known allergy to sertraline or any inactive ingredients in the tablets, you should not take this medication. Symptoms of hypersensitivity, such as breathing difficulties, severe dizziness, skin rashes, hives, and swelling of the face and neck, should be immediately reported to your physician and prompt emergency medical attention sought. 

Zoloft may increase the risk of QT prolongation, which can lead to a fast or irregular heartbeat, fainting, and severe dizziness. If you experience these symptoms, seek medical attention immediately. To avoid QT prolongation, you should remain well-hydrated and avoid taking any diuretics. Monitoring your potassium and magnesium levels is recommended. 

Serotonin toxicity is another potential concern when taking Zoloft. Symptoms of serotonin toxicity, such as palpitations, hallucinations, agitation, loss of coordination, unexplained fever, and vomiting, should be promptly reported to your physician, and immediate medical assistance should be sought. 

Dizziness and drowsiness are common side effects of Zoloft, and you should exercise caution when performing activities that require alertness, such as operating machinery or driving. Avoiding alcohol consumption is recommended as it may exacerbate some of the side effects of this medication. 

Patients receiving Zoloft treatment for depression should be closely monitored for suicidal ideation, and any signs of suicidal behavior, such as changes in sleep patterns, behavior changes, social withdrawal, and giving away personal belongings, should be immediately reported to a healthcare provider.